The common cold is the most common disease that occurs from late autumn to early spring. It is caused by viruses and causes a number of unpleasant symptoms such as cough, runny nose, headache and even fever. How long does a cold last, what to do to avoid catching it, and how to treat it if it has already overtaken you?
What is a cold?
The common cold is an upper respiratory tract infection caused by rhinoviruses (HRV). Children and the elderly are most susceptible to the common cold, but others often suffer from it. Colds most often occur in the fall, winter, and early spring, although some people catch them in the summer. Infection usually occurs through contact with a sick person by droplets.
What are the symptoms of a cold?
The common cold, unlike the flu, is very mild. At first, you may notice only a slight decrease in mood. This is followed by swelling of the mucous membranes of the nose and throat. There is a runny nose, sore throat, weakness, and in the subsequent stages – fever and chills.
How long does a cold last?
Cold symptoms usually last about a week. Sometimes, however, they can persist for longer. The most difficult thing to get rid of is a cough that can last up to 2 weeks. If other symptoms do not disappear during this time, you should consult a doctor, as this may mean that you are dealing with the flu. Both diseases initially cause very similar symptoms, but with the flu, joint and muscle pain may additionally occur, as well as a higher and longer fever than with a cold. After suffering from the flu, you should consult your doctor, as lack of proper treatment can cause dangerous complications.
How to avoid colds?
Prevention helps in the fight against colds. Many experts say that it is useful to wash your hands frequently, especially after contact with a sneezing or coughing person. Germs can get on hands when shaking hands or touching things of an infected person. If everyone sneezes and coughs at your work or school, it doesn't hurt to get out into the fresh air and walk more often. If possible, the room should be ventilated from time to time. Breathing through the nose also makes it difficult for harmful bacteria and viruses to enter the body. It is worth dressing properly, because thanks to this, when the temperature drops, you do not expose your body to sudden cooling. In addition, it is necessary to take care of the immune system by eating foods rich in vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids.
Ways to treat colds
Colds usually go away on their own, but it's worth helping your body fight the virus. First of all, rest is recommended. It's worth taking a few days off to recover and, by the way, not infect others. Ginger infusion is recommended for use in the fight against colds. It has a warming effect and helps to get rid of viruses. Similar properties are also found in infusions of lime, chamomile and elderberry. Add honey, lemon and raspberry juice to the tea. You can also look for support in pharmacy medications, especially those that help clear your nose and sinuses. Sore throat can be relieved with medications such as syrups or lozenges that make expectoration easier.
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